Recognizing Music as an Art Form

The importance of F.T. Vischer on 19th-century music criticism.Music's status as an art form was distrusted in the context of German idealist philosophy which exerted an unparalleled influence on the entire nineteenth century. Hegel insisted that the content of a work of art should be able to be grasped in concepts in order to establish its spiritual substantiality (Geistigkeit), and that no object, word or image could accurately represent the content and meaning of a musical work. In the mid-nineteenth century, Friedrich Theodor Vischer and other Hegelian aestheticians, remained faithful to conceptual clarity of art but adapted the aesthetic system on which it had been based. Their adaptations turned out to be decisive for the development of music criticism, to such an extent that music critics used them to point out musical content and to confirm music's autonomy as an art form. This book unravels the network of music critics and writers, including not only Hegel but also Richard Wagner, Franz Liszt, Franz Brendel, and Eduard Hanslick, whose works shaped public opinions of music.